Van Gerwen is seeking his fourth title, but he last won in 2019, after two defeats in the final since then.
The third seed started strongly against Dube, who was unable to overcome him, with an average of 98.84 points for the Dutchman, which was enough to secure the victory.
Englishman Dube had knocked out 2021 champion Gerwin Price in the quarter-finals, but failed to reach the same level in his first appearance in the world semi-finals.
Dube missed three darts in the second set to fall behind by two points, and while the world number 15 struggled to win the third set – posting a 'big fish' 170 points before finishing on 108 – it was a brief highlight.
Van Gerwen cruised through the next four sets with minimal fuss to reach the final for the seventh time. He threw eight 180s and struck out three more tons, including a majestic 158.
“I am here with a mission and a goal. There will be ups and downs but today I showed a good mentality,” he said.
“Even when things weren't going my way, I was able to do good things at the right moments. That gives me a lot of confidence.”